Inflation

Nigeria’s Inflation to Hit 17.9% by November Amid Seasonal Pressures, CBN Holds Firm on Rates

Economic analysts project Nigeria’s headline inflation will rise to between 17.0% and 17.9% by November 2025, with temporary spikes expected in July and August due to seasonal farming disruptions.

While macroeconomic stabilization and base effects may ease pressures later in the year, food inflation remains vulnerable to flooding in southern states and lean harvests in the north.

Short-Term Inflation Outlook for July 2025 forecast: 21.71% – 21.88% year-on-year; August 2025 forecast: 21.28% – 21.63% year-on-year; Core inflation (excluding volatile items) to hold steady at 1.1% – 1.3% monthly, supported by stable energy costs and naira performance.

A potential December inflation spike could push rates as high as 34% year-on-year, depending on whether the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) uses the rebased CPI (15.44% in Dec 2024) or the old benchmark (34.8%) for comparison.

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is expected to maintain tight policy at its July 21-22 MPC meeting, keeping interest rates elevated to combat inflation.

Analysts suggest that rate cuts unlikely before September 2025, potential reduction of 150-200 basis points later in the year, possible adjustment to the MPR corridor** (currently +500/-100 bps) to signal policy easing.

The CBN’s cautious approach follows 875 basis points of aggressive rate hikes earlier in 2025, as policymakers balance inflation control with economic growth concerns.

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